By Hugh Naylor
Thousands of Saudi troops have been deployed along these desiccated hills, struggling to halt cross-border attacks by Yemeni rebels who fire rockets and carry out lethal ground incursions.
The Yemeni fighters have killed and captured hundreds of Saudi soldiers in a conflict that presents Saudi Arabia with the biggest challenge to its territory in years. Thousands of mortars and crude rockets have slammed into schools, mosques and homes in Najran, a city of several hundred thousand people only a few miles from the mountains of northern Yemen.
The border assaults have come in response to a devastating air and ground war that a Saudi-led military coalition launched in Yemen last year. That conflict has in turn spilled across the border with devastating consequences, said Maj. Gen. Saad Olyan, who commands more than 20,000 Saudi forces along the 1,100-mile southern border.
"Just last week, 10 of my men were killed by these militiamen on the border," he said. His forces are battling increasingly sophisticated ambushes by the Yemeni rebels, known as Houthis, and units from Yemen’s splintered military.
"Some of them were killed in an ambush, shot in cold blood" by the rebels, Olyan said during an interview at his Najran headquarters, which has been struck by rocket fire.
Najran residents try to go about life normally, but the scars left by the Yemeni attacks reflect how brutal the fighting has become. Dents in the streets that appear to be potholes were actually made by exploded mortars. Many schools - some of which have been hit by Katyusha and Grad rockets - have been closed. Thousands of residents living in border communities have been moved to safer ground, and Najran’s airport has been closed to civilian air traffic because of the fighting.
"The attacks come suddenly, and you can’t do anything about them," said Abdullah al-Nasser, 41, an administrator at a nursery school in Najran that was hit by a rocket several months ago. Fortunately, he said as he walked through the school’s destroyed auditorium, there were no casualties.
The Saudi-led military coalition in Yemen - which includes mostly fellow Sunni Muslim nations - has killed thousands of civilians and exacerbated a humanitarian crisis in the desperately poor country...
In turn, the rebels and allied military units loyal to former Yemeni president Ali Abdullah Saleh have sought to inflict pain on Saudi Arabia by launching intense cross-border attacks. Houthi-affiliated media outlets regularly report that the revolutionaries... have stormed deep inside southern parts of the kingdom, including near Najran.
The city sprawls with drab, low-slung apartment buildings and lacks the hustle and bustle of Riyadh, the capital, about 500 miles to the north. The old downtown, which dates back hundreds of years, features quaint shops that sell ornamental knives, traditional desert clothing and spices.
The place would feel like a sleepy village were it not for the raging conflict.
The fighting comes amid a wave of attacks in the kingdom claimed by the ISIS..., including a suicide bombing in October that killed one worshiper at a mosque in Najran. Saudi officials, moreover, have been forced to mobilize a massive number of troops along the Yemen border at a time of financial hardship from slumping oil prices and expensive outlays that include propping up Egypt’s increasingly authoritarian leadership and backing rebels in Syria’s civil war.
"The Houthi-Saleh threat to southern Saudi is off the charts," said Theodore Karasik, a Dubai-based analyst who specializes in Persian Gulf security issues.
